The Bay Paul Center Portal

1988-1992	B.A. in Biology	Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana. National Merit Scholarship. Earlham Honors Scholarship.
1992-1997	Ph.D. in Biology	Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut under M. A. Riley, Ph.D. in Biology. Research Activities: Phylogenetic analysis of lateral gene transfer in Rhizobium. Howard Hughes Predoctoral Fellowship in the Biological Sciences.
1992-2000	NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship	Center of Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona. Research Activities: Molecular evolution and comparative genomics of bacterial endosymbionts.

Academic appointments:

2000-2004	Assistant Scientist	Josephine Bay Paul Center, The Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, MA. Research Activities: Comparative genomics of insect mutualists and related free-living bacteria; Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of prokaryotes; Evolutionary forces shaping codon and amino acid usage.
2004-present	Associate Scientist	Josephine Bay Paul Center, The Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, MA. Research Activities: Reductive genome evolution in intracellular bacteria; Population genetic approaches to distinct evolutionary hypotheses; Genetic underpinnings of mutualistic and parasitic lifestyles; Contributions of insect mutualists to host ecology and physiology.
2004-present	Associate Professor (MBL)	Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI.

Professional memberships:

Society for the Study of Evolution
Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution
American Society for Microbiology
American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Society of Naturalists

Distinctions and awards:

1988	National Merit Scholar.
1988-1992	Earlham Honors Scholarship.
1992	National Science Foundation Predoctoral Scholarship, declined.
1992-1997	Howard Hughes Predoctoral Fellowship in the Biological Sciences.
1988-1999	NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship Award, Center for Insect Science at the University of Arizona.
1999	NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Bioinformatics, declined.

Other activities:

2000-present	Reviewer for Genome Research, Trends in Genetics, Molecular Biology and Evolution, Genetics and Journal of Bacteriology.
2001	NSF Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship, panel member.
2002-present	Woods Hole Science and Technology Education, MBL Liaison.
2003-present	Associate Editor, Molecular Biology and Evolution.

Publications:

J. J. Wernegreen, E. E. Harding & M. A. Riley: Rhizobium gone native: unexpected plasmid stability of indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94:5483-8 (1997).

J. J. Wernegreen & M. A. Riley: Comparison of the evolutionary dynamics of symbiotic and housekeeping loci: a case for the genetic coherence of rhizobial lineages, Mol Biol Evol, 16:98-113 (1999).

J. J. Wernegreen & N. A. Moran: Evidence for genetic drift in endosymbionts (Buchnera): analyses of protein-coding genes, Mol Biol Evol, 16:83-97 (1999).

D. J. Funk, L. Helbling, J. J. Wernegreen & N. A. Moran: Intraspecific phylogenetic congruence among multiple symbiont genomes, Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 267:2517-21 (2000).

J. J. Wernegreen & N. A. Moran: Decay of mutualistic potential in aphid endosymbionts through silencing of biosynthetic loci: Buchnera of Diuraphis, Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 267:1423-31 (2000).

J. J. Wernegreen, H. Ochman, I. B. Jones & N. A. Moran: Decoupling of genome size and sequence divergence in a symbiotic bacterium, J Bacteriol, 182:3867-9 (2000).

M. A. Clark, N. A. Moran, P. Baumann & J. J. Wernegreen: Cospeciation between bacterial endosymbionts (Buchnera) and a recent radiation of aphids (Uroleucon) and pitfalls of testing for phylogenetic congruence, Evolution Int J Org Evolution, 54:517-25 (2000).

N. A. Moran & J. J. Wernegreen: Lifestyle evolution in symbiotic bacteria: insights from genomics, Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 15:321-326 (2000).

D. J. Funk, J. J. Wernegreen & N. A. Moran: Intraspecific variation in symbiont genomes: bottlenecks and the aphid-buchnera association, Genetics, 157:477-89 (2001).

J. J. Wernegreen & N. A. Moran: Vertical transmission of biosynthetic plasmids in aphid endosymbionts (Buchnera), J Bacteriol, 183:785-90 (2001).

J. J. Wernegreen, A. O. Richardson & N. A. Moran: Parallel acceleration of evolutionary rates in symbiont genes underlying host nutrition, Mol Phylogenet Evol, 19:479-85 (2001).

C Palacios & J J Wernegreen: A strong effect of AT mutational bias on amino acid usage in Buchnera is mitigated at high expression genes, Mol. Biol. Evol., 19:1575-84 (2002).

I. Tamas, L. Klasson, B. Canback, A. K. Naslund, A. S. Eriksson, J. J. Wernegreen, J. P. Sandstrom, N. A. Moran & S. G. Andersson: 50 million years of genomic stasis in endosymbiotic bacteria, Science, 296:2376-9 (2002).

J J Wernegreen, A B Lazarus & P H Degnan: Small genome of Candidatus Blochmannia, the bacterial endosymbiont of Camponotus, implies irreversible specialization to an intracellular lifestyle, Microbiology, 148:2551-2556 (2002).

J. J. Wernegreen: Genome evolution in bacterial endosymbionts of insects, Nat Rev Genet, 3:850-61 (2002).

J. T. Herbeck, D. J. Funk, P. H. Degnan & J. J. Wernegreen: A conservative test of genetic drift in the endosymbiotic bacterium Buchnera: slightly deleterious mutations in the chaperonin groEL, Genetics, 165:1651-60 (2003).

J. T. Herbeck, D. P. Wall & J. J. Wernegreen: Gene expression level influences amino acid usage, but not codon usage, in the tsetse fly endosymbiont Wigglesworthia, Microbiology, 149:2585-96 (2003).

JJ Wernegreen, PH Degnan, AB Lazarus, C Palacios & SR Bordenstein: Genome evolution in an insect cell: Distinct features of an ant-bacterial partnership, Biol. Bull., 204:221-232 (2003).

J. J. Wernegreen: Endosymbiosis: lessons in conflict resolution, PLoS Biol, 2:E68 (2004).

J.J. Wernegreen & D. J. Funk: Mutation exposed: A neutral explanation for extreme base composition of an endosymbiont genome., Journal of Molecular Evolution, 59(6):849-858 (2004).

P.H. Degnan, A.B. Lazarus, C.D. Brock & J.J. Wernegreen: Host-symbiont stability and fast evolutionary rates in an ant-bacterium association: Cospeciation of Camponotus species and their endosymbionts, Candidatus Blochmannia., Systematic Biology, 53:95-110 (2004).

S. R. Bordenstein, J. J. Wernegreen: Bacteriophage Flux in Endosymbionts (Wolbachia): Infection Frequency, Lateral Transfer, and Recombination Rates, Mol Biol Evol, 21:1981-91 (2004).

A.J. Fry & J.J. Wernegreen: The roles of positive and negative selection in the molecular evolution of insect endosymbionts, Gene, 355: 1-10: (2005).

J. Schaber, C. Rispe, J.J. Wernegreen, A. Buness, F. Delmotte, F.J. Silva & A. Moya: Gene expression levels influence amino acid usage and evolutionary rates in endosymbiotic bacteria, Gene, 352:109-117 (2005).

J.T. Herbeck, P.H. Degnan & J.J. Wernegreen: Nonhomogeneous model of sequence evolution indicates independent origins of primary endosymbionts within the enterobacteriales (gamma-Proteobacteria), Mol Biol Evol, 22:520-532 (2005).

Casiraghi, M., S. R. Bordenstein, L. Baldo, N. Lo, T. Beninati, J. J. Wernegreen, J. H. Werren, and C. Bandi (2005). Phylogeny of Wolbachia pipientis based on gltA, groEL and ftsZ gene sequences: clustering of arthropod and nematode symbionts in the F supergroup, and evidence for further diversity in the Wolbachia tree. Microbiology 151: 4015 - 4022.

P.H. Degnan, A.B. Lazarus & J.J. Wernegreen: Genome sequence of Blochmannia pennsylvanicus indicates parallel evolutionary trends among bacterial mutualists of insects, Genome Research, 15:1023-1033 (2005).

Baldo, L., S. R. Bordenstein, J.J. Wernegreen, and J.H. Werren (2006). Widespread recombination througout Wolbachia Genomes. Mol. Biol. Evol. 23: 437-449.

Supported by NIH, NSF, NASA, The Josephine Bay Paul and C. Michael Paul Foundation, W.M. Keck Foundation, G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation, and Ellison Medical Foundation.
Unless otherwise stated, all material © 2004 Bay Paul Center, MBL.